Indlela efanele yokukhetha imodeli ye-polyacrylamide (PAM)

Ungayikhetha kanjani kahle polyacrylamide (PAM) ? Le yinkinga yakudala, futhi kuyinkinga ejwayelekile, futhi futhi kuyinkinga okulula ukukhetha okungalungile. Ukukhetha okungalungile? Yini ingozi? Akukho monakalo omkhulu, okungukuthi, izindleko ziyakhushulwa noma umphumela we-flocculation ngenxa yalokho awutholakali, futhi ukwelashwa akukona ezingeni. Vele, ngaphandle kobukhulu bengozi, ingozi kufanele igwenywe, ukukhethwa okulungile kwemodeli ye-polyacrylamide (PAM) efanele nakho kubalulekile.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ekukhetheni okulungile kwe-polyacrylamide ukuqonda izigaba ezibanzi ze-PAM nezinkomba zokufaka zesigaba ngasinye. I-Polyacrylamide ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezine: i-anionic, i-cationic, i-non-ionic, ne-amphoteric. Ngokuya ngemininingwane ehlukile yesisindo samangqamuzana ne-ion degree, amamodeli amaningi atholakele. (Qaphela: Akukhona ukuthi uma intengo iphakama, iba ngcono, kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha leyo ekufanele ngokwezinga lamanzi).

1. Khetha kuqala uhlobo olukhulu lwePAM kusuka kuzidingo zomsebenzi:

I-Anionic: ukugeleza kwamanzi angcolile, imvula, usizo lwe-coagulation, i-coagulation kanye ne-sorgange dehydration, njll .;

I-Cationic: ukugeleza komhlaba, ukudilika komhlaba, ukwehliswa kwemithungo yemithombo yamanzi eyinkimbinkimbi, ukuchelela udaka lwendalo, ukususwa kodaka lwasemadolobheni, njll .;

I-non-ionic: ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwenhlabathi, ukugeleza kwamanzi amdaka angenamandla e-acidic, sedimentation, dehydration, njll.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekususeni amanzi odaka ocindezelweyo, i-cationic PAM akufanele isetshenziselwe udaka oluqinile lwe-alkaline, futhi i-anionic PAM akufanele isetshenziselwe udaka oluqinile lwe-asidi. Lapho okuqukethwe okuqinile kodaka kuphezulu, inani le-PAM elisetshenzisiwe lizoba likhulu ngokuqhathaniswa.

2. Ungayikhetha kanjani imodeli ye- cationic polyacrylamide :

Ngokuya ngezakhiwo zodaka, imodeli ye-ionization efaneleke kakhulu ingakhethwa ukwenza ucwaningo oluncane nge-ionization degree PAM. Ukuhlolwa kwebheaker okulula kungenziwa esizeni, futhi ukubheka nokukhetha kungenziwa ngalezi zici ezilandelayo:

Usayizi weqembu le-floc: i-floc encane kakhulu izothinta ijubane lamanzi, i-floc enkulu kakhulu izokhawulela amanzi amaningi futhi inciphise nezinga lebhasikidi yodaka. Ngemuva kokukhetha isisindo samangqamuzana se-polyacrylamide, ubukhulu be-flocs bungashintshwa.

Okuqukethwe umswakama we-flocs: Ama-flocs kufanele ahlale ezinzile futhi angahlephuli lapho kugundwa. Isisindo esifanele samangqamuzana sisiza ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwama-flocs.

I-polyacrylamide ne-sludge kuxubeke ngokuphelele, futhi lokhu kuhlanganiswe ngokulinganayo. I-viscosity yesisombululo se-polyacrylamide ihlobene nesisindo sayo samangqamuzana nokulungiswa kokulungiswa.

Ukuncibilika: Umsebenzi we-flocculation ungasebenza ngokugcwele kuphela lapho uqedwa kahle. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukusheshisa izinga lokuhlakazwa, bese ucabanga ukukhulisa ukugxila kwesisombululo se-polyacrylamide.

3. Ungayikhetha kanjani imodeli ye- anionic polyacrylamide :

Ngokuvamile, ukuphakama kwesisindo samangqamuzana se-polyacrylamide, kuyanda i-viscosity Kodwa-ke, uma isetshenziswa, akuwona umkhiqizo onesisindo esiphakeme samangqamuzana. Umphumela uzoba ngcono. Ekusebenziseni okukhethekile, idinga ukuthi isuselwe embonini yoqobo yohlelo lokusebenza, ikhwalithi yamanzi, imishini yokwelashwa nezinye izimo ukukhetha isisindo esifanele samangqamuzana se-polyacrylamide.

Indlela ethile yile:

1. Thatha okungenani u-100 ml wamanzi endle aluhlaza kwi-beaker, bese uthatha izingcezu ezi-3-5 ngokulandelana.

2. Ngemuva kokuxuba nokuqedwa kwemikhiqizo enezisindo ezahlukahlukene zamangqamuzana ze-polyacrylamide, zifake kubakhiqizi abanamalebula ahambisanayo.

3. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, chaza bese unyakazisa kuqala, futhi isilinganiso nomthamo kuyafana.

4. Bheka izimo zokuphendula ngemuva kokufaka umuthi emabhentshini amaningi, isivinini semvula, ubukhulu bama-floccule, njll. Khetha amasampula amabili onomphumela omuhle kakhulu wokwelashwa.

5. Qhathanisa lokhu okubili bese ufaka umuthi ngokwehlukana. Lapho kutholakala umphumela ofanayo wokwelashwa, linganisa isilinganiso sezinhlobo ezimbili zesisindo samangqamuzana se-polyacrylamide. Uma isilinganiso sincane, umphumela uba ngcono.

Isifinyezo

Ngoba isitshalo ngasinye sokuhlanza amanzi angcolile sinezindawo ezahlukahlukene zamanzi nezedaka, kukhona umehluko othile ekukhetheni amamodeli we-polyacrylamide. Kungcono ukwenza isivivinyo esincane ngaphambi kokukhetha i-polyacrylamide, bese usebenzisa umshini ukuthola ukuthi iyiphi okudingeka isetshenziswe. Amamodeli wePolyacrylamide ane-ionicity noma isisindo samangqamuzana afaneleka kakhulu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, anganciphisa izindleko zokusetshenziswa, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, angathuthukisa umphumela wokusetshenziswa.


Isikhathi Iposi: Mar-04-2021
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